Hormone
Let’s begin with the term hormone. The word “hormone” was introduced in 1902 by the English physiologists Wm. M. Bayliss and Ernest H. Starling.
By definition, hormone is a chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs. Hormones are essential for every activity of daily living, including the processes of digestion, metabolism, growth, reproduction, and mood control.
Growth Hormone
Growth hormone is a protein hormone of about 190 amino acids that is synthesized and secreted by cells in the pituitary gland. It is a major participant in control of growth and metabolism. Growth hormone is also of considerable interest as a drug used in both humans and animals.
Growth Process
Growth, a very complex process, requires the coordinated action of several hormones. The growth hormone stimulate the liver and other tissues to secrete IGF-I hormone. IGF-I stimulates proliferation of cartilage cells, resulting in bone growth. IGF-I also stimulates the muscle growth and other tissues.
The following figure describe how growth hormone affects our body’s growth.
How Growth Hormone Affects Our Growth
Growth Hormone – in Deficiency and in Excess
Production of growth hormone is modulated by many factors, including stress, exercise, nutrition, sleep and growth hormone itself. Deficiency in growth hormone are seen as growth retardation or dwarfism.
The effects of defficiency in growth hormone
On the contrary, the effect of excessive secretion of growth hormone is giantism. One of the most famous giants was a man named Robert Wadlow. He weighed 8.5 pounds at birth, but by 5 years of age was 105 pounds and 5 feet 4 inches tall. Robert reached an adult weight of 490 pounds and 8 feet 11 inches in height. He died at age 22.
Wadlow was standing in hallway, almost reaching the ceiling (1939)
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On the same wavelength of
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